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׽֦ӦԽյͭιŵƵǰϺ̧ס׾һת⻪㣬ϡ
һ˫ӽڶԷϣ֮΢΢ͷʩͫ׹⻪ѳɢңɫϣھ֮ʡᣬش֮¾ˣܿɹʩƽؾ֮ҡ˹ף֮У֪Ωɽ֮һ붫֮ס˵Լ΢΢һ૵𡪡գգĪþǶԵĺ˲ɣ
̾һͷʦϲ̫游СһѧΪ̫ԴڣֻϧѧղˣΪߣ֮
˵ӷ𡪡˵õЩԨԴˣ
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㲻ض˵Цսˣ־ˣαضѴ࣡ 







 

  
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۵ĺȻ룬ʹƽһʱҡ
ʱ˿̣Ǹ֪Ȥ˹ȷ㣬ȴƫƫָ
Ͻƽ˼⣬ԼӮ˹ȷƸˣδ书֮ǰԸΪ֮¡˴һǣһʱ֪Ӧ˹ȷкɵôһ
˹ȷŨüһôĴĪΪмĳһô
ƽĿһۣЦȴҪᣬĳܲʶ̧٣ֻ˹ͣĳ˲ 







 

  
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˪΢΢һЦǾҪˣ
̾Ϣðɣ
һתˢƮԭվá˪һ¡µӣԭе̬
ȻĿǰΪֹǶûԷֻ֣ڳļ˿ֱۡһϲ湦ˣֶУͶ֮䶼ֳ
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ǰǡƽͷֻƫƫʮֳֽʦžϹһʱûа취
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ǰһʯšĵؽ硱ĸ֡
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׳ȥԵ˿塣ʱټĳ򥣬ᣬ಻ʮ꣬ȴһԺںڵĺӣһԺҲġ
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־ңֻƫƫԵֲסʱ䣬ȻǸ׼ӣȴ񶼲йͷϻǡǧ˿
ԲŹ֮һӸеžԵ¡סȥˡϺǰǷÿһͺһεľر̢
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Ҳס˵Եʣƽϰ˷뽭ԵòȺϲжǣҡ
˳һɳһǰ
ԶԶĿһͤӣͤϲоͷжչŴĵ̣̫ƽ
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ŮӣȥһӡԱϵŽϻһյǹ̥룬˸ϵһСС壬֮ƣݣö
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žٺٺһЦȫǵѵİϷ򸾼ĻֻϷ⼸ġڡǲô㵱ġ 







 

  
ʮ¡ħͷ֡ҷ̫ 

ͮڡ֣Ŀⲻɵתž٣ͻȻһ΢΢¡Сӡ
ķһ߼¶һǣԿͭģһӡ֪ʲôֵǮıү򲻻ӡ
ɺãǱ߸ոշ˿ڷ磬ž̴к
ⷬžҲ˵ʮָɴ࣬Եظ߶ԷԼ˿̱һ˰ڣҪԷ̧֣飬ǧ򲻿Ⱦָ
Цӿүⷬࡣ˵ǸĴҪүӹȥٺ١ֻүǧҲԶ鷳ģ
žɫһ񣬲õصƹģ⻰ʲô˼
Цʲô˼޷ǡһ͸үƽΪ˺ãֲǵϵѣ˼һڷԣ˼ûܲүӸչˣ
žڽϵⷬϺڵð⡣
Ӽ״лʣô˵Ϸˣ
žٹһЦͦһ˶ƹⷬ˵湻˼ֻǣϷ룬λϷˣ˷Ž飬бԭɣ
ӼһۣٺЦʲôԭҿûԭ
ôûУž۵ΪžٱڽǺл۵ģκҪžƤӵʲôƣɵСһžٵѱһܲӮùѼһƹģ˵ǲǣ
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ˣźȻֳһƬ԰ףֳһ֡
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үӣȥǵһμ棬ȻҪժҵԴӣֶҲδ̫һ˰ɣש߲ܵ˵ãףժҵԴưӣҲиǲǣ
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ϷɵĿעŶԷ૵ˡҶ㡱ĸ֡
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˵䣬˫鲻Խع˵ᣬһſžй⣬ϻ£һִĺ˵˻Ŀ֮£ͬ顣
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סǹʮĿ´Σ׼Щðʧ飬ɹֲ飬סûУ
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뵽ͮɲסԷ˼ۡ
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ۿźںһ̳ƣչ˵ͷϡʱźȻٿһ٣ˢһ
٣ǺϷ̨
ǱˣƵģۿϵһӣڷ̳ӾƵ̳ƾϸϸһӵȻۣôһ̳ӾƣֻǺƵڿϴתˢȴҲһ¡
Ȼֻһֻǿ۾ɾʹ¡
ϵİ׺ͷԼǸݺӣﶼɲסһһգ۵Ĺ̳ӾϷ˳ȥҲһ̳ӾƺֱŴ׵ͷֱҹ
׳һٿ˫̳ȥƾһССһ̳ӾƻѲסɵ˵̳ӾƽǽסˣǹӺ󾢶ȴʹˤ˸
ֻͨһֱͦͦˤڵϣʱֱ飬ӷվҲվˡ
ֳⷬ˿ɲסһ
ϵǸüͷһ壬αŭ
ڣλͦվֻ˸Ҫһ
ʵϣǸ׺ͷԼͬϵ຺ҲԾԾԡ
ǸӣԭҪİ׺ͷǷһ֣ǰ
׺ͷ˫ӣͬתһתѰ಻סͬʱǰһˣѸٵǰ
ڴ˶ʱ˼ֱͬδһ˫ӣֱյذ뿪ţŨü´ֱڡ
߷˫ӣκͷһ˳ơ˫һ˫ֵз֮ơ
һ³üӣһõȴҪҪһ˳߸Ρ
ۼ˵ǳԵһŷȴһν־ҷԭǵĸ̨Ƕ׽ʿȴԺ䣬ƽϲύ书ʿǸƤӡа̴˶ѮӣϱƸڸһˡ
˵ĿǰֻǸ̨˹ۡһݣȴָӶЩȨ
ǰ׶һһңѰǯƾС
߷˫һվ»˫ȭٺЦѣ֣һ͸ѣİӷˣλүں֪ˣʹҴҸҪһ˴ݣһŰɣٺ١
ȭڷЦ˫׺ͫӣֻܹµزͣת
˫˵ⷬһﾲûһÿ˶۾ˣҪôӦǰľ档ʱǰ̳ҵڵصǸںӴףһµ 







 

  
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ԭǰ԰԰Լ磬ȴû뵽ûԳɣ࣬һϡ
ζʱۿλԼ棬ȻԷ̲µġŭһٿشһ嵽ǰ
߾Сӣȭ
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׵ֻȭͷһϣȻ߸ߵ
ǰ΢΢һͦһӿǳԴˡ
ͼ͵ҡһ£ͨһٴˤڵϡ
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ⷬ龰ڸжɲסһǱλϸ̨ۡǸԼǸ׺ͷ⣬ƺⷬ΢ơ
ƤǸӡٺ١һЦøֵСӣϴͷˣ
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ҪվӦУ˫߸˫˫֡
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˫һˣʮָٿһ͵һա
ԷѱԼʮָץסӿֻѶԷ׳˲ҲΪԼ߳Щ硣
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ߡص˲ңҲˣҪңǿɾͲһˣ
ЦȥҪ˵ССĺǻʵӵĽŸ±ǣҽĳ۾Ҳûʲô

һӹЦбǸ
˵ĿѭȥЦǷλ̨˵֮ڣ
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ԣ˫էȻӳһɲ䣬ѽԷչ˵ϰһƬɰӶϤȫڵء
ʹȻܷ°һɰǹӡ
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һƬʺѪգЩƴ˳ȥֱǰѪˣ
ǹˣǧȷ顣
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ǵɣһʽٵطɵಡһԶΰǿѾ˶ݶ֮ϡӹأڴƬ߱µѹ˸顣
׳壬ۿѭǸƶֱ׹ȥ
˾Ķ֮ʱµֻţˢˢˢ
һݣʮԺǽ֮⡣
էλ״ֱ޵̾Ϣѡ
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Թسһţʱǰˤ˵Ǹϲͷ̳һһһȳ˹
Ǽһˡͷݺݵصһûҿˣ
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ܲ˵ģ̳ҧƾӣܲԶģ
ԣһӵĲӵҿ˵һջ͵õ
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ķһϸ۾սͣ䱳ģָղҲ̹ˡƾ⼸֮ôУ
̳ҧгݵصߣСӾ˳ҿҲɲ档Ա֪ˣͨʾͬͳˣɳһЩӪĵ֣ǸҰѲ飬Ͳˡ
ĵͷ취ҲУ
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¼Ȼҳ棬һҲͲҪٶˡԶ˵죬ڽգһܰ½ŵĵطߺߡʦŵĳޣҾˣ
Цվʦ֮ǰȻиңİΣҲܲܡ͸ߣ
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ǰƬĿյ׺ĳǱҡȡʯͤţȾΡ롢ׯϣȴԵֵסǰį

վб뵹Ρǰ桢ͮ۾ǰעš
طһ
ͮ˵ͷ˵ãǾѰɣ
˸ž⣺Ƭط̫ǻǷͷΪá
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ЦһȥԭҪ׼óԸʦϺõģϺмȻˣԸСӣߣ
˵ʱϽһεĲɴȡ˸ССġ
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ʱѰĸĽ˹ͮϡͮһµʲô
ʮ͵ġơаһ㳣ܱ⡣ߺߣСֻͣҪΪҲֻ֮һ;
ͮһ½ĽڣֻǡǰЩСôʩȴǲ֪
㵱Ȼ֪ƣұ⣬ֻ֪ϸһʱҲѸ˵ǰҲֻ֪Ҫ֪һ¼򵥵÷ˡ
Ǽ򵥵شڵƣν졯ʵֻĸţδɣƷ֡١ɱԷǵһһĸ֣ҲοսСأ
콫ƵĲ÷ݲݸͮһʲôλá
ͮμסӡ
ֹյҪסĪ̤֮У򣬿ɾܺˡҸ죬ʹãǼ侪ˡðɣǾͷֱɡ
˵գһǡ
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֪ΪʲôͮȻһеĸдڼµǱһԥ
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ͮȴ޷ȴȥľУԼЩɮˡ
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ǹͮҲû뵽飬ҲͻȻסˡ
˶Щʲô˰ɣ
ϵһԣȥûаʮҲʮˡе棬磬ǰϹһɫʯӣһǧٿ׵ľۡǣϸӵĸʽʵأǵһƷԱŵĳ¡
ͷӵҲ͸ŲȻѶ֣ƫƫȴһЩӾϰǿֻҪ˫ɳƤŵǼɵ֪
˯ŵǸţҲǴѰ
ţصһ
ڹ̤ͮʱӲžʵһһ̰ϡ
̰ͬǸϹĳһƾɲﶯ֮ʱͮӾֻһƷ󳼲ܴƤ
˵ͬϹһֻ۾ü侪㵵Ŀֱֱͮţʹùͮò۹תϡ
ȥѮ£ֵǰҲһЩӲһ˫Ũüֱֱ˯ڵϡǸӹǣǺøͷŶ߿⡣
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ʮµ꣬ݡģһСģ
ͷӣϴŽྻİѣľϻŻƳγεĽƬȻǸ˼ҵǧ
˵Уֻ˯ڴϣĸ֮䣬Եһ㱡Լ̤Ĺͮ˵ȴһĿȻá
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־úܣֻáۡѹͮӴһģһˤڵء
һ֮£ͮŲش˸תԾȥɿ⣬ûг
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ٿһţֻһϮ£ڲϴಹŸ߸ߵ¶ֻëĺȡ
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ͮŶһеԴһ˶࿴˼ۡ
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Ʈˮ֮£ԼԼмڻζÿһ˽ˮ治ȴбб򰶱ߡͮһűãȴǲ˼Էѯʡ
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